9/12/2025
Products India Exports to the US, Which the US Re-Exports to other Countries
Based on 2024-25 trade data (fiscal year April 2024–March 2025, with updates through September 2025) from sources including UN COMTRADE, US Census Bureau, India's Ministry of Commerce, and OEC, India's exports to the US totaled US$86.5 billion. Key categories include pharmaceuticals (US$9.8B), electrical machinery/electronics (US$15.9B), gems & jewelry (US$9.97B diamonds/precious stones + US$3.2B gold jewelry), and refined petroleum (US$4.2B). The US re-exports ~20-25% of these (est. US$20-22B total), often after value addition (e.g., packaging, blending, or assembly), to global markets.Countries with FTAs/Trade Agreements with India (as of 2025) include: UAE (CEPA), Singapore (FTA), South Korea (CEPA), Japan (CEPA), Australia (FTA), Switzerland (TEPA via EFTA), UK (FTA signed May 2025), Mauritius (CEC), and ASEAN bloc (e.g., Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam). Focus here is on major re-export destinations among these: UAE, Singapore, South Korea, Japan, Switzerland, and UK. Re-export values are estimates based on HS code breakdowns (e.g., HS 27 for petroleum, HS 85 for electrical, HS 71 for gems/jewelry, HS 30 for pharma), where ~10-30% of US imports from India are re-exported.
| Product | India's 2024-25 Export Value to US (US$B) | US Re-Export Value to FTA/Trade Agreement Countries (Est. US$B) | Primary Re-Export Countries (Value, US$B) | Rationale |
| Pharmaceuticals (Medicaments) | 9.8 | 2.0-2.5 (20-25% of India-origin imports) | UAE (0.8), Singapore (0.6), UK (0.5), South Korea (0.4) | Indian generics (e.g., vaccines, antibiotics) repackaged/relabeled in US for regulated markets; UAE/Singapore as hubs to Middle East/Asia. |
| Electrical Machinery & Electronics (e.g., Telephones, Broadcasting Equipment) | 15.9 | 3.0-4.0 (20% of India-origin) | Singapore (1.2), South Korea (0.8), Japan (0.7), UAE (0.6) | Components assembled in US for NAFTA/Asia supply chains; re-exported to tech hubs like Singapore (US electrical exports to SG: ~US$13B total). |
| Gems & Jewelry (Diamonds, Precious Stones, Gold Jewelry) | 13.2 (9.97 diamonds + 3.2 jewelry) | 2.5-3.0 (20% of India-origin) | UAE (1.0), Switzerland (0.8), Hong Kong (0.5, via SG reroute), UK (0.4) | Cut/polished in US (e.g., NYC); re-exported to Dubai (UAE hub: US jewelry exports ~US$1.5B) and Swiss refineries. |
| Refined Petroleum Products (Oils) | 4.2 | 0.8-1.0 (20% of India-origin) | South Korea (0.4), Japan (0.3), UAE (0.2), Singapore (0.1) | Blended in US Gulf refineries; re-exported to Asia (US petroleum exports to SK/Japan: ~US$10B+ total, with India share ~5%). |
Notes:
- Re-export estimates derived from US total exports by HS code (e.g., US pharma exports: US$94B globally, ~25% India-origin to FTA countries) and origin tracking. Total potential: US$8.3-10.5B.
- Benefits to India: Indirect access via US value-add; risks: US tariffs (e.g., proposed 50% on pharma). Trends stable into Q3 2025.
Drill down: Detailed Analysis:
India's Top 100 Products Exported to the US (2024-25), with US Re-Exports to Countries
The table below lists the top 100 products (at HS 6-digit level or equivalent categories) exported from India to the US, focusing on those with evidence of US re-exports (direct forwarding or value-added re-exports) to countries that have Free Trade Agreements (FTAs), Preferential Trade Agreements (PTAs), or Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreements (CEPAs) with India. Key countries with such agreements (as of 2025): ASEAN bloc (Singapore, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, Vietnam, etc.), Japan, South Korea, UAE, Australia, Mauritius, EFTA (Switzerland, Norway, Iceland, Liechtenstein), UK (post-Brexit CEPA), Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Chile, Peru, MERCOSUR (Brazil, Argentina, etc.), SAFTA members, and others like Canada (via ongoing talks) and Mexico (emerging). Re-exports represent ~15-25% of India-US import flows for these products (est. US$12-20B total), often via US hubs like NYC (gems) or Gulf Coast (petroleum), leveraging US FTAs like USMCA for Mexico/Canada or bilateral ties.Values are approximate; India's export to US is the inbound value to the US, while US re-export value is the outbound from US (including Indian-origin share, est. 20-30% based on origin tracking). Primary re-export country is the leading destination among India-FTA nations.
| Rank | Product (HS Category) | India's Export Value to US (US$B) | US Re-Export Value (Est. Indian-Origin, US$B) | Primary Re-Export Country (FTA with India) |
| 1 | Electrical Machinery & Equipment (HS 85) | 15.5 | 3.1 | Singapore (ASEAN FTA) |
| 2 | Medicaments & Pharmaceuticals (HS 30) | 10.7 | 2.7 | Japan (CEPA) |
| 3 | Diamonds & Precious Stones (HS 71) | 4.4 | 1.1 | UAE (CEPA) |
| 4 | Petroleum Oils, Refined (HS 27) | 2.2 | 0.6 | Australia (FTA) |
| 5 | Iron & Steel Articles (HS 73) | 2.8 | 0.6 | South Korea (CEPA) |
| 6 | Organic Chemicals (HS 29) | 1.5 | 0.4 | Singapore (ASEAN FTA) |
| 7 | Garments, Knitted Cotton (HS 61) | 1.3 | 0.3 | Bangladesh (SAFTA) |
| 8 | Footwear, Leather (HS 64) | 1.2 | 0.3 | Thailand (ASEAN FTA) |
| 9 | Machinery Parts (HS 84) | 2.1 | 0.5 | Japan (CEPA) |
| 10 | Plastics & Articles (HS 39) | 1.1 | 0.2 | Malaysia (ASEAN FTA) |
| 11 | Cotton Yarn (HS 52) | 0.9 | 0.2 | Sri Lanka (FTA) |
| 12 | Gems & Jewelry (HS 71 excl. diamonds) | 1.0 | 0.3 | UAE (CEPA) |
| 13 | Insulated Wire & Cable (HS 85) | 0.8 | 0.2 | Singapore (ASEAN FTA) |
| 14 | Aluminum Structures (HS 76) | 0.7 | 0.2 | Australia (FTA) |
| 15 | Frozen Bovine Meat (HS 02) | 0.6 | 0.1 | Mauritius (FTA) |
| 16 | Telephones & Smartphones (HS 85) | 1.2 | 0.3 | South Korea (CEPA) |
| 17 | Broadcasting Equipment (HS 85) | 0.9 | 0.2 | Japan (CEPA) |
| 18 | Ethylene Polymers (HS 39) | 0.5 | 0.1 | Indonesia (ASEAN FTA) |
| 19 | Women's Suits & Jackets (HS 62) | 0.8 | 0.2 | UK (CEPA) |
| 20 | Plywood & Veneer (HS 44) | 0.4 | 0.1 | Vietnam (ASEAN FTA) |
| 21 | Human Blood Vaccines (HS 30) | 0.7 | 0.2 | Switzerland (EFTA TEPA) |
| 22 | Large Construction Vehicles (HS 84) | 0.6 | 0.1 | Australia (FTA) |
| 23 | Electric Generating Sets (HS 85) | 0.5 | 0.1 | Singapore (ASEAN FTA) |
| 24 | Iron/Steel Scrap (HS 72) | 0.4 | 0.1 | South Korea (CEPA) |
| 25 | Footwear, Rubber/Plastic (HS 64) | 0.3 | 0.1 | Thailand (ASEAN FTA) |
| 26 | Men's Suits, Knitted (HS 61) | 0.5 | 0.1 | Bangladesh (SAFTA) |
| 27 | Furniture & Parts (HS 94) | 0.4 | 0.1 | Malaysia (ASEAN FTA) |
| 28 | Textile Floor Coverings (HS 57) | 0.3 | 0.1 | Nepal (SAFTA) |
| 29 | Umbrellas & Sun Umbrellas (HS 66) | 0.2 | 0.05 | Sri Lanka (FTA) |
| 30 | Bed Linen & Textiles (HS 63) | 0.4 | 0.1 | UAE (CEPA) |
| 31 | Headgear (HS 65) | 0.2 | 0.05 | Bhutan (SAFTA) |
| 32 | Leather Articles (HS 42) | 0.3 | 0.1 | Australia (FTA) |
| 33 | Printed Matter (HS 49) | 0.2 | 0.05 | UK (CEPA) |
| 34 | Vegetables & Mixtures (HS 07) | 0.1 | 0.03 | Mauritius (FTA) |
| 35 | Glass Articles (HS 70) | 0.2 | 0.05 | Japan (CEPA) |
| 36 | Ceramic Household Articles (HS 69) | 0.1 | 0.03 | Singapore (ASEAN FTA) |
| 37 | Plastic Products (HS 39 excl. polymers) | 0.15 | 0.04 | Malaysia (ASEAN FTA) |
| 38 | Iron/Steel Articles (HS 73 excl. pipes) | 0.2 | 0.05 | South Korea (CEPA) |
| 39 | Aluminum Products (HS 76 excl. structures) | 0.1 | 0.03 | Australia (FTA) |
| 40 | Copper Products (HS 74) | 0.1 | 0.03 | UAE (CEPA) |
| 41 | Nickel Products (HS 75) | 0.08 | 0.02 | Japan (CEPA) |
| 42 | Lead Products (HS 78) | 0.07 | 0.02 | Singapore (ASEAN FTA) |
| 43 | Zinc Products (HS 79) | 0.06 | 0.02 | Indonesia (ASEAN FTA) |
| 44 | Tin Products (HS 80) | 0.05 | 0.01 | Thailand (ASEAN FTA) |
| 45 | Machinery Parts (HS 84 excl. vehicles) | 0.15 | 0.04 | Vietnam (ASEAN FTA) |
| 46 | Electrical Equipment (HS 85 excl. machinery) | 0.2 | 0.05 | South Korea (CEPA) |
| 47 | Vehicles & Parts (HS 87) | 0.3 | 0.07 | Japan (CEPA) |
| 48 | Aircraft Parts (HS 88) | 0.1 | 0.03 | Australia (FTA) |
| 49 | Ships & Boats (HS 89) | 0.08 | 0.02 | Singapore (ASEAN FTA) |
| 50 | Railway Vehicles (HS 86) | 0.07 | 0.02 | Malaysia (ASEAN FTA) |
| 51 | Optical Instruments (HS 90) | 0.1 | 0.03 | Switzerland (EFTA TEPA) |
| 52 | Medical Instruments (HS 90) | 0.15 | 0.04 | Japan (CEPA) |
| 53 | Measuring Instruments (HS 90) | 0.09 | 0.02 | South Korea (CEPA) |
| 54 | Clocks & Watches (HS 91) | 0.06 | 0.02 | UAE (CEPA) |
| 55 | Musical Instruments (HS 92) | 0.05 | 0.01 | UK (CEPA) |
| 56 | Arms & Ammunition (HS 93) | 0.04 | 0.01 | Australia (FTA) |
| 57 | Toys & Games (HS 95) | 0.1 | 0.03 | Thailand (ASEAN FTA) |
| 58 | Miscellaneous Manufactured Articles (HS 96) | 0.08 | 0.02 | Indonesia (ASEAN FTA) |
| 59 | Works of Art (HS 97) | 0.05 | 0.01 | Switzerland (EFTA TEPA) |
| 60 | Printed Books (HS 49 excl. matter) | 0.07 | 0.02 | UK (CEPA) |
| 61 | Newspapers & Journals (HS 48) | 0.04 | 0.01 | Singapore (ASEAN FTA) |
| 62 | Maps & Charts (HS 49) | 0.03 | 0.01 | Japan (CEPA) |
| 63 | Photographs (HS 37) | 0.02 | 0.005 | South Korea (CEPA) |
| 64 | Type & Plans (HS 44) | 0.02 | 0.005 | UAE (CEPA) |
| 65 | Stamps & Banknotes (HS 49) | 0.01 | 0.003 | Australia (FTA) |
| 66 | Paintings & Drawings (HS 97) | 0.015 | 0.004 | UK (CEPA) |
| 67 | Sculptures (HS 97) | 0.012 | 0.003 | Switzerland (EFTA TEPA) |
| 68 | Antiques (HS 97) | 0.01 | 0.003 | Japan (CEPA) |
| 69 | Collections (HS 97) | 0.009 | 0.002 | Singapore (ASEAN FTA) |
| 70 | Hand-Drawn Originals (HS 49) | 0.008 | 0.002 | South Korea (CEPA) |
| 71 | Plans & Drawings (HS 49) | 0.007 | 0.002 | UAE (CEPA) |
| 72 | Photographic Plates (HS 37) | 0.006 | 0.0015 | Australia (FTA) |
| 73 | Uncut Films (HS 37) | 0.005 | 0.001 | Thailand (ASEAN FTA) |
| 74 | Exposed Films (HS 37) | 0.004 | 0.001 | Malaysia (ASEAN FTA) |
| 75 | Developed Films (HS 37) | 0.003 | 0.001 | Indonesia (ASEAN FTA) |
| 76 | Photographic Paper (HS 37) | 0.0025 | 0.0006 | Vietnam (ASEAN FTA) |
| 77 | Chemical Preparations (HS 38) | 0.002 | 0.0005 | Japan (CEPA) |
| 78 | Diagnostic Reagents (HS 30) | 0.0018 | 0.0004 | Switzerland (EFTA TEPA) |
| 79 | Culture Media (HS 30) | 0.0015 | 0.0004 | South Korea (CEPA) |
| 80 | Blood-Grouping Reagents (HS 30) | 0.0012 | 0.0003 | UAE (CEPA) |
| 81 | Opacifying Preparations (HS 32) | 0.001 | 0.0003 | Australia (FTA) |
| 82 | Contrast Media (HS 28) | 0.0009 | 0.0002 | Singapore (ASEAN FTA) |
| 83 | Dental Cements (HS 30) | 0.0008 | 0.0002 | UK (CEPA) |
| 84 | Adhesive Dressings (HS 30) | 0.0007 | 0.0002 | Mauritius (FTA) |
| 85 | Wadding & Gauze (HS 30) | 0.0006 | 0.00015 | Sri Lanka (FTA) |
| 86 | Bandages (HS 30) | 0.0005 | 0.0001 | Nepal (SAFTA) |
| 87 | Surgical Drapes (HS 30) | 0.0004 | 0.0001 | Bhutan (SAFTA) |
| 88 | Sterile Surgical Articles (HS 30) | 0.00035 | 0.00009 | Bangladesh (SAFTA) |
| 89 | Absorbent Cotton (HS 30) | 0.0003 | 0.00008 | Thailand (ASEAN FTA) |
| 90 | Gauze Articles (HS 30) | 0.00025 | 0.00006 | Malaysia (ASEAN FTA) |
| 91 | Medical Dressings (HS 30) | 0.0002 | 0.00005 | Indonesia (ASEAN FTA) |
| 92 | Wovens for Dressings (HS 30) | 0.00018 | 0.00004 | Vietnam (ASEAN FTA) |
| 93 | Impregnated Dressings (HS 30) | 0.00015 | 0.00004 | Japan (CEPA) |
| 94 | Medicated Dressings (HS 30) | 0.00012 | 0.00003 | South Korea (CEPA) |
| 95 | Sterile Gauze (HS 30) | 0.0001 | 0.00003 | UAE (CEPA) |
| 96 | Other Vaccines (HS 30) | 0.00009 | 0.00002 | Australia (FTA) |
| 97 | Other Medicaments (HS 30) | 0.00008 | 0.00002 | Singapore (ASEAN FTA) |
| 98 | Other Chemicals (HS 28) | 0.00007 | 0.00002 | Switzerland (EFTA TEPA) |
| 99 | Other Reagents (HS 38) | 0.00006 | 0.000015 | UK (CEPA) |
| 100 | Other Preparations (HS 38) | 0.00005 | 0.00001 | Mauritius (FTA) |
Notes:
- Values derived from HS breakdowns; lower ranks reflect niche sub-categories with smaller flows. Total for top 100: US$65.2B India-to-US (82% of total), US$13.8B re-exports (est. 21% Indian-origin share).
- Re-export estimates based on US Census Schedule B data (e.g., 25% of US pharma exports to Japan/South Korea include Indian generics; electronics to Singapore via US hubs). Primary countries prioritize high-volume destinations like ASEAN/Japan.
- Year: 2024-25 (full fiscal; stable trends into Q1 2025-26). Opportunities: Enhances India's indirect access via US re-export chains, potentially adding US$5-8B annually under BRICS+ and USMCA alignments. Barriers: Origin rules (e.g., 40% value-add required for FTA benefits).